Cutting tool



c. H. WQQDCOCK CUTTING TOOL Filed June 21, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet l 5, 1939. V H. WQODCQ'CK" 2.1s2, 77o

CUTTING TOOL Filed June 21. 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 4 R I lvv /H v I 1K v u u 7/ w l w, w l M" w Illl 'l-ll indicated by the arrows;

' PatentedDec. 5, 1939 The present invention relates to tools adapted to operate upon the inner'surfaces of hollow' bodies and more particularly to tools for cutting or forming circular recesses upon the inside of tubes, pipes, headers and the like. In certain respects, the present inventionrrelates to improvements in devices of-the character of those described in'my copendingapplication Ser. No. 187,441, filed January 28, 1938, Patent 2,166,923,

July '18, 1939. An object of my invention is to provide a tool of the character above referred to, adapted to be used in a boring machineof either horizontal,

of machine in which the piece to be workedupon is moved toward the tool or the tool is moved toward the work piece, or a combination of both.

Another object of my invention is to provide a tool that can be run at higher speeds by reainvention. I 4 Still another object of my invention is the provision of a tool that is practically fool-proof,

in that the cutting elements are fully protected invention described below, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that modifications and variations will readily suggest themselves to those skilled the scope of the appended claims, are part and parcel of my invention.

\ Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevational view with a portion broken away, of a recessing tool for cutting a pair ofspacedannular grooves upon the inside of an aperture, as for example, 'one which previously has been 'bored in the piece to be worked upon.

Fig. 2 is an endview looking from the bottom of the tool illustrated in Fig. 1. withthe tool in the so-called closed position, in which position it. is likewise shown in Fi 1; I

Fig. 3 is an end view, also looking from the bottom, with the tool in cutting position:

Fig. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view takenalongline H of Fig. 1, in the direction indicated by the arrows; w I

Fig. 5 is a trans'v'erse cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 1, in the direction son of a cooling feature forming a part of. my,-

in the art, any and all of which when within vertical or radial type, or in a lathe or othertype Referring more-particularly to Figs. 1 to 6, in- 18 of an aperture in a work piece W (shown in Fig.

I through the extended recessed portion or shank machine (not shown) driven by a suitable source 25 with housing I, is an inner sleeve 3, having vertical slots .4 on either .side thereof, from thewhen same is in cutting position;

ES PATENT OFFICE area-11o 7 CUTTING TOOL Charles H. Woodcock, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to The Atlantic Refining Company,-Philadelphia, Pa, a corporation of Pennsylvania U Application-June 21,1939, Serial No. 280,224

' iooisims. :(01. 90-45) Fig. 6 is afragmentary vertical sectional view showing the-relation of the parts of the tool Fig. is a full view of an element forming a part in the combination shown in the other flgs ures, to which element the cutter blades are attached;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view showing the eccentric sleeve at right angles to the position in which it is shown in combination with other 10 elements in Figs. 1 and 6; and, .Fig. 9 is a fragmentary portion in section of a modification of certain of the'elements of my invention as illustrated in the remaining figures.

clusive (the same reference numerals in each of the several -figures designating corresponding parts therein), which illustrate a tool embodying novel features of my invention, for'cutting a pair of spaced annular grooves upon the inside 20 6). Rotation is transmitted to the housing I 2, adapted tobe fitted, for example, into a boring of power. Telescoping in and adapted to rotate lower end of each of which there extends a slot '5 cut diagonally downward in a direction opposo site to the direction of rotation of the tool. The inner sleeve 3 is eccentrically bored to receive a shaft 6 to the lower end of which are amxed by set screws or'other suitable means, the cutter blades I. The lower end of the inner sleeve 3 is provided with a slot '8 which encases the cutter blades 1 when the tool is in full inoperative position. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The inner sleeve! is also provided with an outwardly extending annularfiange 9, adjacent the lower end thereof, 40 the upper and lower horizontally extendingportions of which serve as bearing surfaces which respectively engage with suitable ball bearings II and II, which, as shown, in Figs. 1 and 6, are-retained in position by retainer rings. Abronze ring la is tightly fitted around the periphery of the annular flange 9 toprovide a bearing surface for that portion thereof.

Intermediate the lower enlarged portion of the housing I and the inner sleeve 3, there is pro- 5 vided a second sleeve l2, concentrically bored. which telescopically engages with the lower portion of the housing I. Sleeve I2 is provided with an inwardly extending flange ll, the lower horizontal surface of which serv s as abearing gs surface with which the bearing ll engages. The

. ture within which, for example, grooves are to -lower end of sleeve I2 is provided with an annular cap member I4, which engages therewith by means of threads. The lower horizontal surface of cap member is adapted to engage the work piece W about the periphery ofthe aperbe cut. The upper horizontal surface of the cap member I4 serves as a bearing surfaceto be engaged by the bearing II.

A compression spring I5 is interposed between a shoulder I6 of housing I and the upp r oflt of two rings ll between which a felt washer is retained. These rings I! rest upon a slight annular projection ll upon the inner sleeve 3. The

spring I5 tends to push the inner sleeve 3 downwardly, and this force is transmitted through the bearings I0 and II to the outer sleeve I2.

so that until such force is overcome, as will be pointed out hereinafter, the parts are held by spring I 5, in relation to each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The housing I 'is provided with two pins Il threaded through the walls thereof. The inner ends of pins I9 slidably engage with the vertical slots 4 and their diagonal extensions I in eccentric inner sleeve 3. While in engagement with slots 4, pins ll permit only vertical'movement attached the cutter blades 1.

of the sleeve 1 and associated parts withrespect to housing I; whereas when in engagement .with the diagonal slots or extensions 5 of sleeve 3, the pins It, in addition to permitting vertical movement, also permit rotary movement of sleeve 3 to a limited extent with respect to housing I,

Withinthe eccentric sleeve 3, there is provided a shaft 6 to the-lower extremity of which are The shaft 8 is provided at its upper end with a reduced portion II which serves as a retaining elementto holdthe compression coil spring 2| in place upon the upper end of said shaft. The spring II is disposed within a recess 22 within the shank portion 2 of housing I and abuts at its upper end against the end 23 of such recess. The spring 2| tends to push shaft 6 downwardly into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1. Adjacent its upper end, shaft 6 is provided with an aperture into which is tightly fitted a pin 25 which extends outwardly at right angles to the shaft I, the extended portion being adapted to ride upwardly and downwardly in the vertical slot-provided in housing I.

About a recessed portion adjacent slot It of housing I there is disposed a bronse sleeve 21 provided with an extended portion Il'adapted to be threadedly engaged with a pipe (not shown) through which cutting oil or other lubricantorcoolingmediummaybesuppliedto thetool,underpressureifnecessary. Thesleeve' 21 is retained upon housing I by a' ring 2| which engages by means of threads with such housing, and is adapted topermit rotation of the housing I with respect to sleeve 21. Suitable packing rings 21a are placed aboutthe upper and lower internal circumferences of sleeve I'I, in 1 providedforthatpurpose. Alsothesleevellis providedwithanannularinternaigrooveato permitfiowofanuidmetiiuin'introdueedatex-- tension2l,abouttheentire innerdreumfennces thereof.

a-n'uui medium is thereforeatall times able ,topasstoandthroughtheveriicalslotslland 20 (thelatterbeingaslotcorresponding-to slot ilprovidedinhousinglatlwdegreestoslot 1g ll), whsseupon it may than nss downwardly through groove II provided in shaft I. 3| is interrupted by a projection or dam I2 flush with the normal circumference of shaft I, below which the groove continues as indicated at Ila...

terminating adjacent the upper cutter'blade I. To cooperate with the groove 3|, projection 32 and extension Ila, there is provided an internal annular groove 33 in inner' sleeve 3. As will'be clearly seen from Fig. 6, fluid medium passing downwardly through groove II, may bypass through internal groove 33 into and through extension l'la, whereupon it may flow upon cutter blades 1, when the tool is in'cutting position.

When, however, the tool is in sc -called closed position. P rt 82 of shaft 8 is in engagement with the normal internal circumference of sleeve 3 and serves to inhibit or prevent the. flow. of fluid downwardly to the cutter blades.

The operation of the tool as is as follows: At the beginning,'the several parts are in relation to each other as shown in Fig. l, by reason of the action of the compression springs II and 2|. Having been connected throughshank 2 to a suitable means for'imparting rotary motion thereto, and the extension 28 of sleeve 21 having been connected to a suitable source of fluid medium, the tool is brought,ffor example,

into position so that the lower horis'o'ntal surface of the cap member II is inengagement withthe outerperiphery of the aperture in the work piece W. As pressure miilcient to overcome the force exerted by springs I and II is applied downwardly, with the cap member ll abutting against the work piece. and therefore, along with p the outer sleeve I2, being held stationary by friction of the .cap member against the work piece,

the sleeve I2 begins to telescope into the lower recessed portion oi housing I which is rotating.

The rotary motion of housing .I is transmimd through pin it, which'is slidable vertically insl ot It of housing I, to shaft I. Likewise. rotary motionofhousinglisimpsrtedthroughpl sllin' engagement with slots 4 and I in inner eccentric sleeve 3, to such sleeve.

As the outer sleeve I I, which is held stationary, telescopes into the housing Learning with it the inner sleeve 3, which is rotating, the plus I! pass from the upper extremityto' the lower extremity of slots 4, thence from the upper extremity to the lower extremity of diagonal slots I in inner ec'-' centric sleeve 8. In traveling down the vertical slots 4, pins ll permit theshaft t. which-is urged downwardly by spring II, to protrude from the lower end of sleeve 8, asthe sieeves 8 and I2 telescopeintothelow'er endofhousing I. Whenpins ll reach'the lowerextremity of slots 4, the shaft I, whosevertical movement is determined by the slidingofpinflins'lotn-hssreachedthelower' ex'tremityofitspathoftravel. Intravelingalong the path of the disgonal slotsl,'the pins-II serve toimpartrestrictedrotarymoflmofsaidsleeve withrespecttohousinghsothaawhereasatthe beginning of the downward travel of'pins ll throughslotslthe'vertlcalaxisofshaftlwithin sleevelisspacedfromtheverticalaxisofhousing' l,by the time the lower extremity of'sueh path horizontally, is dependent upon the rate at which a downward force is applied to the housing I. Itwill be understood that the reverse operation takes place when the force applied downwardly upon the housing I is released to an extent-that the normal forces of springs l5 and 2! may exert themselves.

In the modification of certain parts shown in Fig. 9, the bearings l and Ii and bushing in,

as shown in Figs. 1 and 6, have been replaced by a single bearing ill which is adapted to take blade I, and that a guiding shoulder or extension Ila integral with cap member I4, is provided, the

internal diameter of the bore in the extensionand cap member being large enough to accommodate the cutter blades when the shaft 6 is in full inoperative position.

As will be apparent from the description of the illustrative embodiment given above, my invention is susceptible of embodiment in numerous forms. For example, recessing elements other than cutter blades such as described above, may be employed for operating upon the interior walls of apertures or other surfaces. Abrasive wheels,

forming rollers/burnishing or polishing wheels, rollers, lapping tools or the like may be substituted for the cutter blades, in instances where other types of elements may be used to advantage. Nor is the device necessarily restricted for use with cylindrical aperturesor tubular bodies, but may also be employed for recessing the interior walls of other hollow bodies. It may be used for spot facing, for example.

What I claim is:

1. An internal recessing machine comprising a housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis, a shaft journaled within said housing and eccentric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft eccentric thereto and concentric to said housing, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing, said sleeves being longitudinally slidable within said housing, means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing,

and means associated with said inner sleeve and said housing for changing the eccentricity of said shaft with respect to said housing.

2. An internal recessing machine comprising a housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis, a

shaft journaled within said housing and eccentric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft eccentric thereto and concentric to said housing, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing,

said sleevesbeing longitudinally .slidable within said housing and at least one of said sleeves be ing longitudinally slotted to receive said recessing element-when inoperative, means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring,unitary rotation of said shaftv with said housing, and means associated with said inner sleeve and said housing for changing the eccentricity of said shaft with. respect to said housing.

3. An internal recessing machine comP S B a housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis,.

means associated with said housing for introducterminating adjacent said recessing element, a s

dam interrupting said channel at one portion along the length thereof, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft eccentric thereto and concentric to said housing, an annular recess in said inner sleeve cooperating with the channel 10 and dam of said shaft to permit fiow of cuttin fluid from the upper portion of said housing to said recessing element when operative, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing. said sleeves .being longitudinally slidable within said housing and at' least one of said sleeves bein longitudinally slotted to receive Isaid recessing element when inoperative, means associated with A said shaft and said housing for insuring unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, and means associated with said inner sleeve and said housing for changing the eccentricity of said shaft with respect to'said housing.

4. An internal recessing machine comprising a housing adapted to rotateabout a fixed axis. a shaft Journaled within saidhousing and eccentric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing, said sleeves being longitudinally .slidable within said housing, the end of one of said sleeves providing a guide member adapted to loosely fit within and position the 86 work being operated upon and being longitudinally slotted to receive said recessing element when inoperative, means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, and means 40 associated with said inner sleeve and said housing whereby upon longitudinal sliding movement of the sleeves within said housing a change in the angular relationship between said inner sleeve and said housing is effected, thereby to change the eccentricity of said shaft-with respect to said housing, and an abutment upon the outer sleeve to be engaged by the work piece to be operated upon.

5. An internal recessing machine comprising a so housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis,

' a shaft journaled within said housing and eccentric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, an inner sleeve-surrounding said shaft eccentric thereto and concentric'to'said v housing, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeveand said housing, said sleeves being longitudinally slidablewithin said housing and at least one of said sleeves being longitudinally slotted to receive 80' said recessing element when inoperative, means associated with said housing, said inner sleeve, and said shaft for supplying cutting fluid to said recessing element, means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring .unitary re- 68 tation of said shaft with said housing, and means associated with said inner sleeve and said housing for changing the eccentricity of said shaft withrespect to said housing.

6. An internal recessing machine comprising a 70 housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis,

' a shaft journaled within said housing and eccentric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, an outer sleeve sur- 1o rounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing, said sleeves beinglongitudinally slidable within said housing and at least one of said sleeves being longitudinally slotted to receive said recessing element when inoperative; means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, means for changingthe eccentricity of said shaft with respect to said I housing, said means comprising a slot in said inner sleeve extending longitudinally of said sleeve and continuing diagonally of said sleeve in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said sleeve and a pin aflixed to said housing and 'slidably engageable with the aforesaid slot, said last mentioned means being so constructed and arranged that upon longitudinal sliding movement of the sleeves within the housing there is effected a change in the angular relationship between said inner sleeve and said housing and thereby a change in the eccentricity of said shaft with respect to said housing, and

a shaft journaled within said housing and eccen-,

tric thereto, a recessing element mounted upon said shaft, a longitudinal channel in said shaft terminating adjacent said recessing element, a dam interrupting said .channel at one portion along the length thereof, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, an

annular recess in'said inner sleeve cooperating with the channel and dam of said shaft to permit flow of cutting fluid from the upper portion of said housing to said recessing element when operative, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and concentric to said inner sleeve and said housing, said sleeves being longitudinally slidable within said housing and at least one of said sleeves being longitudinally slotted to receive said recessing element when inoperative, means associated with said shaft and said housing for insuring unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, means for changing the eccentricity of said shaft with respect to said housing, said means comprising a slot in said inner sleeve extending longitudinally of said sleeve and continuing diagonally of said sleeve in a direction oppositeto the direction of rotation of said sleeve and a pin affixed to said housing and slidably engageable with the aforesaid slot, said last mentioned means being so constructed and arranged that upon longitudinal sliding movement of the sleeves within the housing there is Y effected a change in the angular relationship between said irmer sleeve and said housing and thereby a change in the eccentricity of said shaft -with respect to said housing, and an abutment.

upon the outer sleeve to be engaged by the work piece being operated upon.

8. An internal recessing machine comprising a housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis, said housing having ahollow shank portion and being recessed toaccommodate longitudinally slidable inner and outer sleeves, a shaft disposed within said housing and provided adjacent the upper end.

. with a pin and adjacent the lower end with a, re-

cessing element, a longitudinal slot in the wall 'of said housingto accommodate said pin, said pin functioning to insure unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, said inner sleeve having a slot adjacent the upper end extending longitudinally of said sleeve and continuing diagonally in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said sleeve, a pin affixed to said housing and extending inwardly into slidable engagement with said slot, said pin and said slot cooperating to change the eccentricity of the innersleeve and the shaft with respect to said housing, a flanged portion adjacent the lower end of said inner sleeve, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and having an internal shoulder adjacent the lower end thereof, a longitudinal slot in said inner sleeve to receive said recessing element when inoperative, a cap member afllxed to the lower end of said outer sleeve, 'said cap member having an aperture to accommodate the lower end of said shaft carrying the recessing element,a bearing member intermediate the inner and outer sleeves and cooperating with said inner sleeve flange, said outer sleeve internal shoulder, and said cap member to take up the radial and longitudinal thrust of the shaft and inner sleeve, and springs urging the sleeves and'shaft in a direction within said casing such shaft outwardly recessing element, a longitudinal slot in the wall of said housing to accommodate said pin, said pin functioning to insure unitary rotation of said shaft with said housing, an inner sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, said inner sleeve having a slot adjacent the upper end extending longitudinally ofsaid sleeve and continuing-diagonally in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said sleeve, a pin af-.

fixed to said housing and extending inwardly into slidable engagement with said slot, said 'pin and said slot cooperating to change the eccentricity of the inner sleeve and the shaft with respect to said housing, a flanged portion adjacent the lower end of said inner sleeve, an,outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and having an internal shoulder adjacent the lower end thereof, a cap member affixed to the lower end of said outer sleeve, said cap member. having an aperture to accommodate the lower end of said shaft carrying the recessing element and a slot to receive said recessing element wheninoperative, a bearing member intermediate the inner and outer sleeves and cooperating with said inner sleeve flange, said outer sleeve internal shoulder, and

said cap member to take up the radial and longitudinal thrust of the shaft and inner sleeve, and springs urging the sleeves'and shaft in a direction within said casing such as to project said sleeves and shaft outwardly thereof.

10. An internal recessing machine comprising a housing adapted to rotate about a fixed axis, said housing having a hollow shank portion and being recessed to accommodate longitudinally slidable innerand outer sleeves, a shaft disposed within said housing and provided adjacent the upper end with a pin andadjacent the lower end with a recessing element, a longitudinal slot in the wall of said housing to accommodate said pin, said pin functioning to insure unitary rota- "tion of said shaft with said housing, an inner element, a dam interrupting said channel at one- -portion along the length thereof, an annular sleeve surrounding said shaft and eccentric thereto, said inner sleeve having a slot adjacent the upper end extending longitudinally of said sleeve and continuing diagonally in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said sleeve, a pin afllxed to said housing and'exteuding inv wardly into slidable engagement with said slot,

said pin and said slot cooperating to change the eccentricity of the inner sleeve and the shaft with respect to said housing, means'assoeiated with said'housing for introducing a cutting. fluid into the upper portion thereof, a longitudinal channel in said shaft terminating adjacent said recessing recess'in saidinner sleeve surrounding said shaft,

said recess cooperatingwith said channel andsaid dam to permit flow of cutting fluid from the upperp'ortion of said housing to said recessing element when operative. a flanged portion adjacent the lower end of said inner sleeve, an outer sleeve surrounding said inner sleeve and having an internal shoulder adjacent the lower end thereof, a longitudinal slot in said inner sleeve to receive said recessing element when'lnoperative,

casing such as to project said sleeves and. shaft" outwardly thereof. a

' H. WOODCOCK. 

